Top Ten Intelligence Agensies in the world..
Number 1
CIA
Location: United States
Founded in 1947, the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) has three stated functions: 1) Obtaining and analyzing information about foreigners; 2) Propaganda and public relations; and, 3) Covert operations at the direction of the president. The CIA was given enormous leeway to operate during the Cold War, as the American government felt that such free reign was necessary to successfully combat the USSR's agency, the KGB. As a result, the CIA was engaged in many coups and assassination attempts overseas, both successful (Chile, Congo) and unsuccessful (Cuba).
Claim to fame: The Bay of Pigs invasion may be more notorious, but Project BLUEBIRD is more shocking. From 1951 to 1953, the CIA conducted mind-control experiments in order to explore the creation of new identities, multiple personalities and false memories. The research entailed placing brain electrodes in people and controlling their behavior with remote transmitters, administering daily dosages of LSD-25 to children for extended periods of time, and using electroconvulsive therapy to erase memories.
Number 2
MI6
Location: United Kingdom
MI6 or, as it is known formally, the Secret Intelligence Service, was created just prior to World War I primarily to keep a close eye on the activities of the Imperial German government. Since then, MI6 has been heavily engaged during the major conflicts of the 20th and 21st centuries. Even before the 9/11 attacks, MI6 actively collaborated with their American counterparts in order to share intelligence and carry out particularly dicey covert ops. The MI6, in conjunction with the CIA, effected the toppling of several regimes, most notoriously in the Congo in 1961 and Iran in 1953.
Claim to fame: Aside from the time Bond bedded Pussy Galore, MI6's most successful solo mission in recent years was the quelling the hostage-taking of Westerners in Lebanon in the 1980s. Specifically, MI6 agents triggered an internal conflict between Lebanese paramilitary groups, effectively distracting them from further hostage-taking.
Number 3
GRU
Location: Russia
When one thinks of Russian intelligence, they usually think of the KGB. But the KGB was disbanded by Boris Yeltsin in 1995, while the even older Glavnoje Razvedyvatel'noje Upravlenije (GRU) -- which means "Main Intelligence Directorate" -- has continued on, unaffected by the fall of the USSR. The GRU was created in 1918 by Vladimir Lenin, and given the task of handling all military intelligence. Since then, the GRU has taken part in significant anti-nationalist activities in Eastern Europe and according to a former agent, has infiltrated the U.S. to the extent that secret-arms caches are available for use in America by Russian agents, if necessary.
Claim to fame: The GRU doesn't cop to much, but they were purported to be behind the assassination of formerChechen President Zelimkhan Abdumuslimovich Yandarbiyev, who was living in Qatar in 2004 and was accused of having links to Al-Qaeda by Russia and the United Nations. The former president was assassinated when a bomb ripped through his SUV in the Qatari capital of Doha.
Number 4
DGSE
Location: France
The Direction Générale de la Sécurité Extérieure (DGSE) was formed only recently, replacing the older Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionnage (SDECE) in 1982, and was quickly made responsible for gathering intelligence, as well as preventative work detecting and finding external espionage activities directed against French interests. The agency has generally kept a low profile, but that was not the case with 1985's Greenpeace protests against French nuclear testing, which involved the bombing of the Greenpeace fleet. New Zealand law enforcements uncovered the plot and arrested two DGSE agents who plead guilty to manslaughter in the death of a journalist who drowned in the incident.
Claim to fame: The DGSE quickly proved its worth in the early 1980s, when they revealed a Soviet spy network that allowed the USSR to gather info about important Western technical advances without the knowledge of Western intelligence agencies. It's still the most extensive technological spy network ever uncovered in Europe and the United States.
Number 5
ISI
Location: Pakistan
The weak performance in the sharing of intelligence between the army, navy and air force during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1947 led to the creation of the Inter-Services Intelligence (ISI) by the Pakistani government in 1948. Since then, the agency's influence has waxed and waned according to the whims/powers of Pakistani leaders. Since 9/11, ISI has actively worked with the CIA in engaging in counter-terrorism against both Al-Qaeda, Taliban militants and tribal/sectarian terrorists in Pakistan (though they have been somewhat stifled by domestic factors). The ISI is a deceptively active and powerful agency and is known for operating in an "invisible" fashion.
Claim to fame: In 1980, the ISI intercepted a plot to assassinate the President of Pakistan, General Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, during a national parade. The plotters, which included high-ranking military officials, planned to launch a bloody coup to depose the government and install an extreme Islamic government in its place. The ISI arrested the would-be assassins and their backers prior to the date of the planned assassination.
Number 6
BND
Location: Germany
The Bundesnachrichtendienst's (BND) predecessor agency was created prior to World War II in order to spy on the Soviet Union. Today, it allegedly acts as an early warning system to alert the German government of threats to its interests from overseas, depending very heavily on wiretapping and electronic surveillance of international communications. The annual budget of the BND is very big, exceeding 430,000,000 Euros. The BND has been embroiled in several recent domestic scandals relating to the alleged wiretapping and surveillance of journalists, and the use of reporters as spies against other journalists.
Claim to fame: In the run-up to the Iraq War in 2003, the German government resisted President Bush's efforts to get Germany to provide troops to the coalition. But the BND scored for the U.S. when two German agents in Baghdad managed to obtain a copy of Saddam Hussein's plan to defend the Iraqi capital. A German official passed the information on to American commanders one month before the invasion.
Number 7
Mossad
Location: Israel
Israel's extremely active intelligence agency, Mossad, is responsible for intelligence collection, counter-terrorism and various covert operations. Its director reports directly to the head of state, the Prime Minister. Mossad is a civilian service, and does not use military ranks, although most of its staff have served in the Israeli defense forces as part of the country's compulsory draft system. Mossad's most notorious wing is the "Special Operations Division" or "Metsada," as it's also known. The Metsada has been involved in several assassinations, paramilitary operations, sabotage, and psychological warfare.
Claim to fame: In 1960, the Mossad discovered that Adolf Eichmann, a notorious Nazi war criminal, was living in Argentina under the name of Ricardo Klement. He was captured by a team of Mossad agents and smuggled in to Israel where he was tried and executed.
Number 8
R&AW
Location: India
India's external intelligence agency, Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW) was created in 1968 as a response to the country's poor intelligence performance in recent wars against Pakistan and China. Unlike most Western agencies, the R&AW is installed as a wing of the federal cabinet and is not answerable to the Indian Parliament in any way. Much of the R&AW's recent energies have been focused on its neighbor, Pakistan. During the Kargil War in Kashmir in 1999, the R&AW was able to unearth links between Pakistani intelligence and terrorist groups, and to infiltrate militant groups in the Kashmir valley.
Claim to fame: The R&AW had a big hand in the creation of Bangladesh in 1971. The agency helped sow discord among the disgruntled populace of Bangladesh (then called East Pakistan), which led to the creation of a guerrilla Bangladeshi army. Under its cover, R&AW operatives infiltrated into East Pakistan for covert operations, helping defeat the Pakistani army.
Number 9
ASIS
Location: Australia
Created in 1952, the Australian Secret Intelligent Service (ASIS) agency is responsible for collecting intelligence, undertaking counter-intelligence activities and, especially, coordinating with other agencies overseas. The Australian government recently passed a controversial bill which allowed ASIS to work with other organizations like the CIA in paramilitary operations, provided ASIS agents were not personally involved in carrying them out. ASIS has been the subject of some sensational exposes over the years, including one in 1994 which claimed that the agency was secretly holding thousands of secret files on ordinary Australian citizens.
Claim to fame: In 1983, the normally low-profile agency garnered some unwanted attention during a training operation held at the Sheraton Hotel in Melbourne, Australia. What was intended as a mock surveillance and hostage rescue of foreign intelligence officers turned into an overzealous free-for-all, as trainees used considerable force, distressed hotel staff and guests, and physically assaulted the hotel manager while carrying out their "mission.
Number 10
CSIS
Location: Canada
The Canadian Security Intelligent Service (CSIS) was created in 1984, previous to which Canadian intelligence was handled through the RCMP (Royal Canadian Mounted Police). CSIS is patterned after the CIA and MI6, in that it is a civilian agency which is unconnected to the military or police. Canadian intelligence agents work both domestically and internationally in an effort to monitor and counter threats to Canadian security. CSIS came under enormous criticism from the Canadian public for their investigation of the bombing of Air India Flight 182 in 1985, a tragedy that claimed the lives of 280 Canadians. CSIS officials reportedly erased key wiretaps and made several strategic investigatory errors. To this date, no one has been held responsible for the bombing.
Claim to fame: From 1988 to 1994, CSIS agent Grant Bristow infiltrated the Canadian white-supremacist movement, becoming security chief of the Heritage Front, the most prominent white-supremacist organization in Canada. Bristow's activities led to several arrests and prevented certain incidents of planned violence. His cover was blown by a Toronto journalist in 1994.
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* Paleontology is the science of history of life.
* Mahavira(founder of jainism)and gautama buddha (founder of buddism) were contemporaries and flourished in india in the 6th century B.C.
* The three pyramids of eqypt were built from 2700 to 2500 B.C.,these are tombs of khufu,khafra and menkaura.
* The great wall of china was completed in 204 B.C.it is 1500 miles long.Its average height is 25 feet and about 12 feet wide at the top.
* The city rome was founded in 753 B.C. by romolus.
* Christianity emerged as the distinct sect in the second half of the first century A.D.
* The light of islam dawned in the 7th century A.D. when in 611 A.D. The Holy Prophet of Islam Muhammad (P.B.U.H) announced the revelation from the one true Allah.
* The muslim rule of spain lasted from 711 to 1492 A.D.
* The earth is calculated to b 4540 million years old.
* The statue of liberty (newyork) was installed in 1886.It is 151 feet one inch high from the base to torch.
* The world is divided into 24 time zones,each 15` longtitude wide. the longitudinal meridian passing through greenwich,England is the starting point and is called the prime meridian.
* Christopher columbus discovered bahamas on 12 oct 1492 A.D.
* Ostrich is the largest bird in the world.
* Saudi Arabia is the largest exporter of oil in the world.
* The world famous golden gate bridge is located in San francisco(usa).
* Russia invaded afghanistan on dec 27,1979.
* Hongkong was returned to china on july 1,1997.
* Eritrea became an independent state on may 24,1993.
* The normal temperature of human body is 98.6 F.
* A billion contain 1000 million. It has 9 zeroes. similarly a trillion has 12 zeroes,a quadrillion 15 zeroes,a quintillion 18 zeroes and a decillion 33 zeroes.
* One inch is equal to 2.5400 cms and one mile is equal to 1.6093 kms.
* About half of the world population speaks indo-european languages. The Indo-European branch to which english belongs is germanic.
* Air is composed of nitrogen (78.08%),oxygen (20.95%),argon (0.94%) and carbon dioxide (0.03%).
* The original inhabitants of USA are known as Red Indians.
* Out of the 193 sovereign independent nations of the world 147 are republics and other 46 are under personal rules (14 kings,1 emperor,3 queens,7 hereditary sheikhs,1 grand duke,2 sultans,1 constitutional monarch etc).
* Gwadar became a part of pakistan on september 9,1958.
* All india mulim league was formulated on december 30,1906 and first president was Sir Agha Khan.
* Hygrometer is instrument used for measuring humidity of air.
* Heliscope is used for viewing the sun.
* Asian development bank was established in 1966 with headquarter located at manila(philipine)
* China has the largest population,russia has largest land area and vatican city has smallest population and land area in the world
* Afghanistan got independence on 19th aug 1919.
* Lord clive was the first and lord mountbatten was the last british ruler of india.
* Air conditioner invented by "willis H. carrier"u.s. in 1902.
* Camera(photographic) has been invented by "Joseph N. Niepce"france in 1822.
* Largest continent of the world is "asia" and smallest is "australia".Largest ocean of the world is "pacific ocean"and smallest ocean is "indian ocean".The Sahara is the largest desert of the world.
* Kazakhstan is the largest muslim country in landarea in the world.it has an area of 1,049,000 sq.miles.Maldives is the smallest muslim country in land area of 115 sq. miles.
* Indonesia is the most populous muslim country and maldives is less populous muslim country.
* Antarctica is the uninhabited continent of the world which is without any regular population.
* Seoul (south korea) is the most populous city of the world.
* The lake baikal of russia has the maximum depth of 5315 feet.
The largest tides of the world occur in Bay of fundy (canada).
The earth is the densest planet of universe .It has density of 5.515 time that of water.
Kilauea situated in Hawaii (US) is the most active volcano of the world
Nauru, an island located in western pacific ocean, is the smallest republic of the world.
La Paz,capital city of Bolivia (south america), is situated at an altitude of 3631 metres (12087 feet) from the sea level.
The panch pokhri lake situated in the himalaya mountains is the highest lake in the world.
The himalaya mountain range (asia) is the greatest mountain range in the world.
Mount Everest (2759 N 8656 E) is the highest mountain peak which is located on nepal-tibet border in the himalayas.
New Cornelia tailings on ten mile wash Arizona USA with a volume of 209500 million cubic metres is the world,s largest volume dam.
Petronas tower-I is the tallest building in the world which is located in kuala lumpur (malaysia).
USA is the largest nuclear electric power producing country in the world.It produces 98784 MW electricity which is about 30% of the total nuclear electricity generated in the world.
Dalol Danaki depression in ethiopia with an average annual temperature of 35c (95f) is the hottest place on earth and Plateau station,in antaretica with an average annual temperature of -56.7c (-71.7f), is the coldest place of the globe.
The Atacama desert in chile is the driest place of the world and Masynram in Assam (india) is the wettest place in the world.
Canada has the longest coastline which is 151,489 miles in the length and Monaco`s coastline measures only 3.5 miles in length.
The present palace of sultan of brunei in the capital city of bandar seri begawan consisting of 1788 rooms is the largest palace.
Grand central terminal of new york is the largest railway station.it covers an area of 48 acres.
The seikan railway tunnel in japan is the longest railway tonned in the world,it s length is 33.50 miles (53.9 km)
the yellow stone national park (USA) is the largest national park.It has an area of 3350 sq miles.
The california university (USA) is the biggest university of the world..
King khalid international airport,riyadh (saudi arabia) is the largest airport in the world.
The port of new york and new jersey (USA) is the largest seaport in the world.
Mandarain (chinese) is the most spoken language of the world.It is estimated that a total number of 999 million ppl speak it.
The nobel prize is the largest prize.Each prize carries an amount of one million dollars.
Shah faisal mosque located in islamabad (pak) is the largest mosque
* The asian development bank established in 1966 with headquarter located at MANILA (philipines).
* Eqypt , Iraq , jorden , Lebanon , Saudi Arab , Syria and Yemen are the founder nations of the arab league.
* First world war was began on 1914 A.D. and second world war started in 1939 when germany attacked on poland, it is also considered as Greatest war.
* Columbus discovered america on 1492 A.D.
* The Royal Majesty ship Queen Elizabeth (UK) is the largest pessenger ship in the world.It is 314 metres long and 36 metres wide.
* The cambodian language is a language which has a total number of 74 alphabets.
* The Sumerian civilization is considered to be the oldest civilization of the world.
* Jericho,situated in the Jorden valley is the oldest town of the world.
* The maximum ever temperature of 136.4 F was recorded on september 13,1922 in the city Azizia (Libya) and The minimum temperature of -129.6 F was recorded in the town of Vostok near Antarctica on 24th august , 1960.
* The highest rainfall for one month was recorded at Indian town of Cherapoonje. 366,14 inches rain fell there during the month of july 1861.
* Robert E. Peary (1856-1920) an American explorer reached North Pole on 6th April,1909 for the first time in human history.
* Sierra Leone has the lowest GDP per capita of 510 US dollars and Luxembourg has the highest GDP per capita of 36,400 US dollars.
* The UNO originated during the second world war.Its charter was drawn up from 25th april to 26th june,1945 at San francisco which was signed by 51 countries.
* The umayyad Dynasty (661-750 A.D) was the first muslim dynasty.
* Light is the fastest thing in the universe.It travels at a phenomenal speed of 187,000 miles per second.
* According to the Forbcs magazine, There were 311 individual billionaires in the world.out of these, 108 belonged to USA,44 belonged to germany and 34 were japanese.
Biological sciences
* For growth,viruses requires "Living Host".
* The deficiency of "Boron" micronutrients causes the death of the stem and root apices.
* Plant development is influenced by Quality,Quantity and Duration of light.
* Lettuce,wheat and spinach are the long day plants and Sugarcane, Soyabean and tobacco are short day plants.
* ATP is a molecule containing high energy bonds.
* Edible part of tomato is whole fruit.
* The primary producers of organic matter in nature are Green plants.
* The total weight of a cell in a leaf or a petal,water constitutes about 90%.
* The primary plant body consist of 3 tissue systems.
* A tissue is a group of cells having similar structure and function.
* The edible portion of mango is Mesocarp.
* The rice grain is a seed.
* Ethylene is a hormone concerned with Ripening of fruits.
* Bamboo is Grass.
* Cork cells are impervious to water because of the presence of Suberin.
* The biotic relationship between insects and plants with reference to pollination is called Mutualism.
* Historically, Joseph Priertley , recognized in 1727 A.D. that sunlight and air are important for the growth of plants.
* Opium is obtained from seed capsule of opium poppy.
* Carbon dioxide is required during photosynthesis process in addition to sunlight and water.
* The cavity of Ascaris is known as Coelom.
* The membranous labyrinth of the ear is filled with Endolymph.
* Crura-cerebri is found in Mid-brain.
* Man is Homoiothermic.
* The compound eye of insect produces Mosaic vision.
* The post embryoniv stages in the life history of cockroach is known as Nymphs.
* Ptyalin is present in the saliva.
* Central nervous system control the reflex action in the body.
* The terminal part of vertebral column in man is called Coceyx.
* Beingn tertain malaria is caused by plasmodium vivax.
* The life history of human malarial parasite in Anopheles was first described by Sir Ronald Ross.
* The mouth parts of anopheles are adapted to piercing and sucking type feeding.
* The "Urinary system" of the body consists of 3 organs.
* Haryersion canals are present in Bone.
* The heart bear is initiated and regulated by nodal tissue made of specialized cardiac muscles called Purkinje tusse.
* The gestation period of human being is Nine months.
* Amoebic dysentery in man is caused by Entamoeba histolytica.
* The first heart sound is produced when Diastole begins.
* Kari Landsteiner discovered the blood groups of man.
* Prothrombin which helps in clotting of blood is released by Blood platelets.
* Glycogen is mainly stored in Liver and muscles.
* Pepsin converts protein into peptides in acid media.
* The most important function of perspiration is to regulate the body temperature.
* The main function of white blood cells in the body is to protect the body against diseases.
* The number of chromosomes in the human body is 46.
* One micron is equal to One-thousandth of a millimeter.
* Solar eclipse occurs at the new moon and not on the full moon and atleast one & seven is maximum no of solar eclipse in a year
* The highest earth quake severity on richter scale has been recorded at southern chile in 1960 which was 9.5.
* Hally's comet will return in the year 2062.
* The speed of light is nearly 300,000 km/sec.
* Our solar system has about 50 satellites.
* Blue colour has shortest wavelength.
* Bacteria ,fungi,virus are Non-green plants.
* LASER stands for "light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation".
* Brazil covers nearly half of south america
* The constitution of 1973 was enforced on 14th aug,1973.It is comprises of twelve parts consisting of 280 articles.
* Mian nawaz sharif inaugurated Lahore-islamabad Motorway (M-2) on 26th nov 1997 which is 339 km long and 33 metre wide.
* Mrs.Benazir bhutto reserved as prime miniter of pakistan twice viz.from 2 december 1988 to 6 aug 1990 and from 19th oct 1993 to 5th nov 1996.
* WAPDA (water and power development authority) is responsible for the generation and distribution of electricity.
* Indus water treaty was signed by india and pakistan in 1960 to resolve the outstanding canal water dispute bw 2 countries.
* The govt of pakistan convened a convention of Ulema from 21-24th jan 1951 at karachi. The convention was attended by 31 muslim religious scholars belonging to all sects of Islam.The Ulema agreed on 22 points.
* The miracle of a pregnant female camel was sent to the nation of samood.
* The soap was made by Hazrat Salih (AS) first of all.
* The nation of Hazrat Loot (AS) was destroyed by a rain of stones.
* In six days (Surah Yunus,Verse no three) Allah had created the earth and the heaven.
* 22 times along with namaz ,Zakat has been mentioned in the Holy Quran.
* Hajj made compulsory In the year 9 A.H.
* Hazrat Hamza (RA)was the first commander of Islamic Army.
* There are 114 surahs , 30 Paras and 6236 Ayats in the holy Quran.Surah-e-Fatiha is the first surah and Surah-e-Nas is the last Surah of the holy Quran.
* Seven stages are there in the Holy Quran.
* A shooting star is a meteor that comes from space,burning out in the earth`s upper atmosphere.
* The total number of star visible with the naked eye can not be more than 6000.
* Star twinkle for two main reasons, The intensity of the stars decreases and increases because of line-of-sight effect and there are disturbance in the gases of the atmosphere.
* One light year is equal to 9461,000 million km ( 5875,000 million miles ).
* The earth is about three million miles closer to the sun in january.
* An engine which could do work equal to lifting 550 pounds one foot per second,is said to work at rate of one horsepower.
* The essential parts of radio are: Vacuum tubes, transistors , Amplifier and Oscillator.
* If you look at sky from the moon,It appears completely black because the moon has no atmosphere.
* FM stands for Frequency modulation.
* THere is no colour of the sky but it is the blue part of the white light of the sun which gets scattered by the dust particles hanging in the atmosphere.
* Kilowatt hour (kWh) is a bigger unit of energy used in addition to SI unit.
* Mitosis and meiosis are two types of cell division.
* Light travels at a speed of 186,000 miles per sec.
* The volcanoes of HAWAII are the most common and thoroughly studied in the world
* Acre-foot is a unit of volume and is used to measure irrigation water, runoff volume and reservoir capacity.
* Heme is Ferrous Protopo
* There is about 340 million cubic miles of liquid water on the surface of the earth
* Ducts are small tubes which transfer the secretion of glands.
* Borneo, sumatra , kenya ,uganda, brazil , colombia and equadore are some countries through which the equator passes.
* Computer virus has created from pakistan
* The dead sea is the world lowest sea.Its surface is 400 metres below the mediterranean.
* MegaWatt is a unit of power equal to 1000 kiloWatts.
* There are 15 main tectonic plates which makes the dynamic crust of the earth.
* Northern edge of the Atlama desert in Chile is richest with the desposits of copper.
* Dry ice is solid carbon dioxide at a temperature of -80 C.
* Hydro-electric power means production of electricity by making Dams.
* Chronic disease usually begins slowly and persists over a longer time.
* Pakistan Railway & german Company agreed on a fisiblity report of 750 km line
* Pakistan to Manufacture mobile phones from May 2007
* Abu Dhabi to Set-up Oil Refinery in Pakistan
* Salt production in Pakistan reaches One Mln Tonnes per Year
* Pakistan to increase Oil Output upto 100,000 Barrels Per Day
* Pakistan GDP in 2006 was estimated approximately $ 439.7 billion
* Fiscal budget for revenue and expenditure is targetted $ 19.8 billion and $ 25.7 billion respectively
* GDP growth rate is 6.6 %
* Population of pakistan is 165,803,560
* Population below poverty line is 25%.
* Export target for the year is estimated $18 billion and Import target is estimated $28 billion
* Privatisation target for the year is 75 billion
* $13 billion is reserved amount of pakistan
GDP (purchasing power parity): $427.3 billion (2006 est.)
GDP (official exchange rate): $124 billion (2006 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 6.5% (2006 est.)
GDP - per capita (PPP): $2,600 (2006 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 22%
industry: 26%
services: 52% (2006 est.)
Labor force: 48.29 million
note: extensive export of labor, mostly to the Middle East, and use of child labor (2006 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 42%
industry: 20%
services: 38% (2004 est.)
Unemployment rate: 6.5% plus substantial underemployment (2006 est.)
Population below poverty line: 24% (FY05/06 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 4.1%
highest 10%: 27.6% (FY96/97)
Distribution of family income - Gini index: 41 (FY98/99)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 7.9% (2006 est.)
Investment (gross fixed): 15.6% of GDP (2006 est.)
Budget: revenues: $20.55 billion
expenditures: $25.65 billion; including capital expenditures of $NA (2006 est.)
Public debt: 55% of GDP (2006 est.)
Agriculture - products: cotton, wheat, rice, sugarcane, fruits, vegetables; milk, beef, mutton, eggs
Industries: textiles and apparel, food processing, pharmaceuticals, construction materials, paper products, fertilizer, shrimp
Industrial production growth rate: 6% (2006 est.)
Electricity - production: 80.24 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 68.8%
hydro: 28.2%
nuclear: 3%
other: 0% (2001)
Electricity - consumption: 74.62 billion kWh (2004)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2004)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2004)
Oil - production: 63,000 bbl/day (2005 est.)
Oil - consumption: 324,000 bbl/day (2004 est.)
Oil - exports: NA bbl/day (2004)
Oil - imports: NA bbl/day (2004)
Oil - proved reserves: 358.9 million bbl (2006 est.)
Natural gas - production: 27.4 billion cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - consumption: 27.4 billion cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - imports: 0 cu m (2004 est.)
Natural gas - proved reserves: 759.7 billion cu m (1 January 2005 est.)
Current account balance: $-5.486 billion (2006 est.)
Exports: $19.24 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Exports - commodities: textiles (garments, bed linen, cotton cloth, yarn), rice, leather goods, sports goods, chemicals, manufactures, carpets and rugs
Exports - partners: US 24.8%, UAE 7.8%, Afghanistan 6.6%, UK 5.7%, Germany 4.5% (2005)
Imports: $26.79 billion f.o.b. (2006 est.)
Imports - commodities: petroleum, petroleum products, machinery, plastics, transportation equipment, edible oils, paper and paperboard, iron and steel, tea
Imports - partners: Saudi Arabia 11.1%, UAE 10.3%, China 9.2%, Japan 6.4%, US 6%, Kuwait 5%, Germany 4.5% (2005)
Reserves of foreign exchange and gold: $13.29 billion (2006 est.)
Debt - external: $42.38 billion (2006 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $2.4 billion (FY01/02)
Currency (code): Pakistani rupee (PKR)
Currency code: PKR
Exchange rates: Pakistani rupees per US dollar - 60.5 (2006), 59.515 (2005), 58.258 (2004), 57.752 (2003), 59.724 (2002)
Fiscal year: 1 July - 30 June
Really inspirational Work...Well done Sureshlasi, let me share a lil from my side too
The only fish that can blink with both eyes is a shark.
The Niagara falls froze solid as it was so cold in winter of 1932.
Tigers don't have striped fur but striped skin.
Compared to men, women blink nearly twice.
Its not possible to keep your eyes open and sneeze.(Don't try it) ;-)
An average American spends 6 months in his whole life at red lights.
The scissors was invented by Leonardo Da Vinci.
When we are born our nose and ears keeps growing but the size of our eyes remains the same.
The longest word typed with the left hand is stewardesses and with the right is lollipop. (Don't try others) ;-)
56% of the average typing work is done with the left hand.
In every two weeks if the stomach does not produce a new layer of mucus it will digest itself;-)
The words read left to right or right to left in the words racecar kayak and level are the same.
When a chocolate bar melted in the pocket after a researcher walked by a radar tube, he invented the microwave.
The brain of the Ostrich is smaller than its eyes.
Vocal sounds of a dog are 10 and that of a cat are over one hundred.
In each ear of the cat there are 32 muscles.
Life span of a dragonfly is 24 hours.
A snail can sleep for three years.
* Bill gates (USA),founder and chairman of microsoft corporation, is currently the richest person in the world and Liliane Bettencourt (france) is the richest woman in the world.
* People`s republic of china has the largest army of the world.
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"Strange Mathematical and Scientific Facts"
1. 10 percent of all human beings ever born are alive at this very moment.
2. 10% of human dry weight comes from bacteria.
3. 11 % of the world is left-handed
4. 111, 111, 111 X 111, 111, 111 = 12,345, 678, 987, 654, 321.
5. 1200 equals 1 pound (72 rupees)
6. 123,000,000 cars are being driven on highways in the United States.
7. 166,875,000,000 pieces of mail are delivered each year in the United States.
8. 1959’s A Raisin in the sun was the first play by a black woman to be produced on Broadway.
9. 2 and 5 are the only prime numbers that end in 2 or 5.
10. 203 million dollars is spent on barbed wire each year in the U.S.
11. 22,000 checks will be deducted from the wrong bank accounts in the next hour.
12. 25 % of a human’s bones are in its feet.
13. 259200 people die everyday.
14. 27% of Americans believe we never landed on the moon.
15. 27% of U.S. male college students believe life is “a meaningless existential hell.”
16. 3% all mammals are monogamous.
17. 315 words in the 1996 Webster’s dictionary were misspelled.
18. 4 tablespoons of ketchup has about the same amount of nutrition as a ripe tomato.
19. 40% of all people who come to a party snoop in your medicine cabinet.
20. 40% of McDonald’s profits come from the sales of Happy Meals.
21. 43.7% of all statistics are made up right on the spot.
22. 48% of astronauts experience motion sickness.
23. 52% of American drinks coffee.
24. 55.1% of all US prisoners are in prison for drug offenses.
25. 56,000,000 people go to Major League baseball games each year.
26. 67 million pounds of pesticides and about 3 million tons of fertilizer are used annually on lawns in the US.
27. 78 rpm albums, used prior to 1948, were only capable of recording for four minutes. It wasn’t until later that year that Columbia Records introduced 33 rpm albums capable of playing 23 minutes per side.
28. 80% of animals on earth are insects.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Religions of the World.
01 Islam.
Founder: ProphetMohammad PBUH (570-632 AD) born in Mecca
Founded in: 622 AD
Followed in: West coast of Africa which includes Tanzania, Southern part of Russia and China, India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, Malaysia and Indonesia. Also parts of Northern Africa
Sacred texts: Quran (words of God), Hadis (collection of Prophet's sayings)
Sacred places: Makkah (Mecca) in Saudi Arabia
Place of worship:Masjid (mosque)
Important sects:Sunnis and Shias
02 Buddhism
Founder: Gautam Siddhartha Buddha (563-483 BC) born in Nepal
Founded in: 525 BC
Followed in: China, Tibet, Korea, Mongolia, Nepal, Bhutan, Thailand, Japan,Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Taiwan, Indonesia, Bhutan and Vietnam.
Sacred text: The Tripitaka (Collection of Buddha's teachings) also called Sutras
Sacred places: Lumbini (Nepal) where Buddha was born, Bodh Gaya (Bihar)
where he received Enlightenment and Kusinagara (UP) where he attained. 'Nirvana'.
Place of worship:Vihar (temple) and Monstery (where Monks reside)
Sects: Mahayana and Hinayana
03 Confucianism
Founder: Kung Fu Tsu, better known as Confucius (551-479 BC) born in the state of Lu in China.
Founded in: 500 BC
Followed in: China, Taiwan, South Korea, Nauru and Vietnam
Sacred text: The Lun Yu, The Analects
Sacred place: Peking (Beijing) in China
Place of worship:No church or temple
04 Christianity
Founder: Jesus Christ (5 BC to 30 AD) born in Judea, also called Jesus of Nazareth.
Founded in: 2000 years ago
Followed in: Spread all over the world
Sacred text: Holy Bible consisting of the Old Testament (before Christ) and the New Testament (during and after Christ).
05 Hinduism
Founder: Not Known
Founded in: 1500 BC
Followed in: Concentrated in India and Nepal and also found in Bhutan, Fiji, Guyana, Indonesia, Mauritius, Sri Lanka, South Africa, Surinam, Trinidad and Tobago, Bali.
Sacred text: The Vedas, the Upanishads, the Bhagavad-Gita and the epics of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana
Place of worship:Temple
06 Judaism
Founder: Moses, born in Egypt
Founded in: 1300 BC
Followed in: Worldwide with concentration in Israel and United States
Hal's, found particularly in the five books of Bible, commentary on Torah known s Talmud and Midrash.
Sacred Places: Jerusalem
Place of worship:Synagogue
07 Shintoism
Founder: Began with Japanese culture and developed out of tradition
Founded in: Antiquity
Followed in: Japan
Sacred texts: No specific text
Sacred Places: Central Shrine of Ise (central Japan) and the Yasukuni Shrine in Tokyo.
08 Sikhism
Founder: Guru Nanak (1469-1539)
Founded in: 1500 AD
Followed in: India
Sacred texts: Guru Granth Sahed
Sacred Places: The Golden Temple of Amritsar
Place of worship: Gurdwara
09 Taoism
Founder: Lao-tse, a Chinese philosopher
Founded in: 6th century BC
Followed in: China, Taiwan, Nauru, Brunei, Singapore and Vietnam
Sacred texts: Tao-te-Ching
10 Zoroastrianism
Founder: Zoroaster, Born in Medea (modern Iran) about 660 BC
Founded in: Around 500 BC
Followed in: Iran and north-west India. The Zoroastrians who fled to India during the eight century are the ancestors of the present Parsi Community in India
Sacred texts: Zend vesta
Place of worship:Fire temple
WORLD RELIGIONS --- IN FIGURES
Religion Percentage of world population
Muslims 22
Christians 32.91
Hindus 14
Sikhs 0.34
Jains 0.07
Buddhists 5.99
Jewish 0.33
Religion 5.99 Percentage of world population
Non-religious 14
Atheists 4.46
Chinese folk religionists 4
New religionists 2.44
Tribal religionists 1.75
Shintoists 0.06
Shamanists 0.21
Bahais 0.09
Confucionists 0.11
Other religions 0.22
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01 The first Prime minister of Bangladesh was Mujibur Rehman
02 The longest river in the world is the Nile
03 The longest highway in the world is the Trans-Canada
04 The longest highway in the world has a length of About 8000 km
05 The highest mountain in the world is the Everest
06 The country that accounts for nearly one third of the total teak production of the world is Myanmar
07 The biggest desert in the world is the Sahara desert
08 The largest coffee growing country in the world is Brazil
09 The country also known as "country of Copper" is Zambia
10 The name given to the border which separates Pakistan and Afghanistan is Durand line
11 The river Volga flows out into the Caspian sea
Question : Who was the favourite daughter of Shakespeare's King Lear?
Answer : Cordelia
Question : Which is the brightest star?
Answer: Sirius
Question : Which star has collapsed into itself? Answer : Black Hole
Question : Which is the heaviest star?
Answer : HDE 269810 IN Magellanic Cloud
Question : Which Australian city includes the suburbs of Cottesloe and Subiaco? Answer : Perth
Question : Who discovered Oxygen in 1774?
Answer : Joseph Priestly
Question : Name the author of A Town Like Alice
Answer : Nevil Shute
Question : How many Earth years does it take Pluto to orbit the sun?
Answer : 248
Question : What name is given to the central part of a fleshy fruit, containing the seeds?
Answer : The core
Question: What letter appears to the right of Y on a keyboard?
Answer : U
Question : What is it that makes soda water fizz?
Answer : Carbon Dioxide
Question : What disease is the Sabin Vaccine used to prevent?
Answer : Polio
__________________
01 The first Prime minister of Bangladesh was Mujibur Rehman
02 The longest river in the world is the Nile
03 The longest highway in the world is the Trans-Canada
04 The longest highway in the world has a length of About 8000 km
05 The highest mountain in the world is the Everest
06 The country that accounts for nearly one third of the total teak production of the world is Myanmar
07 The biggest desert in the world is the Sahara desert
08 The largest coffee growing country in the world is Brazil
09 The country also known as "country of Copper" is Zambia
10 The name given to the border which separates Pakistan and Afghanistan is Durand line
11 The river Volga flows out into the Caspian sea
Question : Who was the favourite daughter of Shakespeare's King Lear?
Answer : Cordelia
Question : Which is the brightest star?
Answer: Sirius
Question : Which star has collapsed into itself? Answer : Black Hole
Question : Which is the heaviest star?
Answer : HDE 269810 IN Magellanic Cloud
Question : Which Australian city includes the suburbs of Cottesloe and Subiaco? Answer : Perth
Question : Who discovered Oxygen in 1774?
Answer : Joseph Priestly
Question : Name the author of A Town Like Alice
Answer : Nevil Shute
Question : How many Earth years does it take Pluto to orbit the sun?
Answer : 248
Question : What name is given to the central part of a fleshy fruit, containing the seeds?
Answer : The core
Question: What letter appears to the right of Y on a keyboard?
Answer : U
Question : What is it that makes soda water fizz?
Answer : Carbon Dioxide
Question : What disease is the Sabin Vaccine used to prevent?
Answer : Polio
__________________
01 The first Prime minister of Bangladesh was Mujibur Rehman
02 The longest river in the world is the Nile
03 The longest highway in the world is the Trans-Canada
04 The longest highway in the world has a length of About 8000 km
05 The highest mountain in the world is the Everest
06 The country that accounts for nearly one third of the total teak production of the world is Myanmar
07 The biggest desert in the world is the Sahara desert
08 The largest coffee growing country in the world is Brazil
09 The country also known as "country of Copper" is Zambia
10 The name given to the border which separates Pakistan and Afghanistan is Durand line
11 The river Volga flows out into the Caspian sea
Question : Who was the favourite daughter of Shakespeare's King Lear?
Answer : Cordelia
Question : Which is the brightest star?
Answer: Sirius
Question : Which star has collapsed into itself? Answer : Black Hole
Question : Which is the heaviest star?
Answer : HDE 269810 IN Magellanic Cloud
Question : Which Australian city includes the suburbs of Cottesloe and Subiaco? Answer : Perth
Question : Who discovered Oxygen in 1774?
Answer : Joseph Priestly
Question : Name the author of A Town Like Alice
Answer : Nevil Shute
Question : How many Earth years does it take Pluto to orbit the sun?
Answer : 248
Question : What name is given to the central part of a fleshy fruit, containing the seeds?
Answer : The core
Question: What letter appears to the right of Y on a keyboard?
Answer : U
Question : What is it that makes soda water fizz?
Answer : Carbon Dioxide
Question : What disease is the Sabin Vaccine used to prevent?
Answer : Polio
__________________
World
Geography:
The surface of the earth is approximately 70.9% water and 29.1% land. The former portion is divided into large water bodies termed oceans (the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, Southern Ocean, and Arctic Ocean).
The land portion is generally divided into several, large, discrete landmasses termed continents. Depending on the convention used, the number of continents can vary from five to seven. The most common classification recognizes seven, which are (from largest to smallest): Asia, Africa, North America, South America, Antarctica, Europe, and Australia. Asia and Europe are sometimes lumped together into a Eurasian continent resulting in six continents. Alternatively, North and South America are sometimes grouped as simply the Americas, resulting in a continent total of six (or five, if the Eurasia designation is used).
North America is commonly understood to include the island of Greenland, the isles of the Caribbean, and to extend south all the way to the Isthmus of Panama. The easternmost extent of Europe is generally defined as being the Ural Mountains and the Ural River; on the southeast the Caspian Sea; and on the south the Caucasus Mountains, the Black Sea, and the Mediterranean. Africa's northeast extremity is frequently delimited at the Isthmus of Suez, but for geopolitical purposes, the Egyptian Sinai Peninsula is often included as part Africa. Asia usually incorporates all the islands of the Philippines, Malaysia, and Indonesia. The islands of the Pacific are often lumped with Australia into a "land mass" termed Oceania or Australasia.
Area:
Total: 510.072 million sq km
Land: 148.94 million sq km
Water: 361.132 million sq km
Area - comparative:
Land area about 16 times the size of the US.
Land boundaries:
The land boundaries in the world total 251,060 km (not counting shared boundaries twice); two nations, China and Russia, each border 14 other countries.
45 nations and other areas are landlocked, these include: Afghanistan, Andorra, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Central African Republic, Chad, Czech Republic, Ethiopia, Holy See (Vatican City), Hungary, Kazakhstan, Kosovo, Kyrgyzstan, Laos, Lesotho, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Macedonia, Malawi, Mali, Moldova, Mongolia, Nepal, Niger, Paraguay, Rwanda, San Marino, Serbia, Slovakia, Swaziland, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Uganda, Uzbekistan, West Bank, Zambia, Zimbabwe; two of these, Liechtenstein and Uzbekistan, are doubly landlocked.
Coastline:
(The total length of the boundary between the land area (including islands) and the sea.)
356,000 km.
94 nations and other entities are islands that border no other countries, they include: American Samoa, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Ashmore and Cartier Islands, The Bahamas, Bahrain, Baker Island, Barbados, Bermuda, Bouvet Island, British Indian Ocean Territory, British Virgin Islands, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Clipperton Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Comoros, Cook Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Cuba, Cyprus, Dominica, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), Faroe Islands, Fiji, French Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Greenland, Grenada, Guam, Guernsey, Heard Island and McDonald Islands, Howland Island, Iceland, Isle of Man, Jamaica, Jan Mayen, Japan, Jarvis Island, Jersey, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Kiribati, Madagascar, Maldives, Malta, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated States of Micronesia, Midway Islands, Montserrat, Nauru, Navassa Island, New Caledonia, New Zealand, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Palmyra Atoll, Paracel Islands, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Barthelemy, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Seychelles, Singapore, Solomon Islands, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Spratly Islands, Sri Lanka, Svalbard, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Vanuatu, Virgin Islands, Wake Island, Wallis and Futuna, Taiwan.
Climate:
A wide equatorial band of hot and humid tropical climates - bordered north and south by subtropical temperate zones - that separate two large areas of cold and dry polar climates.
Terrain:
The greatest ocean depth is the Mariana Trench at 10,924 m in the Pacific Ocean.
Elevation extremes:
Lowest point: Bentley Sub glacial Trench -2,540 m
Highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m.
Natural resources:
The rapid depletion of nonrenewable mineral resources, the depletion of forest areas and wetlands, the extinction of animal and plant species, and the deterioration in air and water quality (especially in Eastern Europe, the former USSR, and China) pose serious long-term problems that governments and peoples are only beginning to address.
Natural hazards:
Large areas subject to severe weather (tropical cyclones), natural disasters (earthquakes, landslides, tsunamis, volcanic eruptions).
Environment - current issues:
Large areas subject to overpopulation, industrial disasters, pollution (air, water, acid rain, toxic substances), loss of vegetation (overgrazing, deforestation, desertification), loss of wildlife, soil degradation, soil depletion, erosion; global warming becoming a greater concern.
Geography - note:
The world is now thought to be about 4.55 billion years old, just about one-third of the 13.7-billion-year age estimated for the universe.
People
Population:
6,677,563,921 (July 2008 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 27% (male 933,716,943/female 877,734,429)
15-64 years: 65% (male 2,205,342,972/female 2,153,959,605)
65 years and over: 8% (male 222,346,221/female 284,463,751) (2008 est.)
Median age:
(This is the age that divides a population into two numerically equal groups; that is, half the people are younger than this age and half are older).
Male: 27.4 years
Female: 28.7 years (2008 est.)
Population growth rate:
1.159% (2008 est.)
Birth rate:
19.97 births/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Death rate:
8.32 deaths/1,000 population (2008 est.)
Sex ratio:
At birth: 1.07 male(s)/female
Under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.02 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.78 male(s)/female
Total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2008 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
(The number of deaths of infants under one year old in a given year per 1,000 live births in the same year; included is the total death rate, and deaths by sex, male and female).
Total: 42.64 deaths/1,000 live births
Male: 45.42 deaths/1,000 live births
Female: 39.67 deaths/1,000 live births (2008 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
(The average number of years to be lived by a group of people born in the same year, if mortality at each age remains constant in the future).
Total population: 66.12 years
Male: 64.18 years
Female: 68.2 years (2008 est.)
Religions:
Christians 33.32% (of which Roman Catholics 16.99%, Protestants 5.78%, Orthodox 3.53%, Anglicans 1.25%), Muslims 21.01%, Hindus 13.26%, Buddhists 5.84%, Sikhs 0.35%, Jews 0.23%, Baha'is 0.12%, other religions 11.78%, non-religious 11.77%, atheists 2.32% (2007 est.)
Languages:
Mandarin Chinese 13.22%, Spanish 4.88%, English 4.68%, Arabic 3.12%, Hindi 2.74%, Portuguese 2.69%, Bengali 2.59%, Russian 2.2%, Japanese 1.85%, Standard German 1.44%, Wu Chinese 1.17% (2005 est.)
Literacy:
Age 15 and over can read and write
Total population: 82%
Male: 87%
Female: 77%
Over two-thirds of the world's 785 million illiterate adults are found in only eight countries (India, China, Bangladesh, Pakistan, Nigeria, Ethiopia, Indonesia, and Egypt); of all the illiterate adults in the world, two-thirds are women; extremely low literacy rates are concentrated in three regions, South and West Asia, Sub-Saharan Africa, and the Arab states, where around one-third of the men and half of all women are illiterate (2005 est.)
Communications
Telephones - main lines in use:
1,263,367,600 (2005)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
2,168,433,600 (2005)
Internet users:
1,018,057,389 (2005)
Transportation
Airports:
Total airports - 49,024
Top ten by passengers:
*Atlanta - 84,846,639
*Chicago - 77,028,134
*London - 67,530,197
*Tokyo - 65,810,672
*Los Angeles - 61,041,066
*Dallas/Fort Worth - 60,226,138
*Paris - 56,849,567
*Frankfurt - 52,810,683
*Beijing - 48,654,770
*Denver - 47,325,016
Top ten by cargo (metric tons):
*Memphis - 3,692,081
*Hong Kong - 3,609,780
*Anchorage - 2,691,395
*Seoul - 2,336,572
*Tokyo - 2,280,830
*Shanghai - 2,168,122
*Paris - 2,130,724
*Frankfurt - 2,127,646
*Louisville (US) - 1,983,032
*Singapore - 1,931,881 (2006)
Heliports:
1,359 (2007)
Railways:
1,370,782 km (2006)
Roadways:
Total: 32,345,165 km
Paved: 19,403,061 km
Unpaved: 12,942,104 km (2002)
Waterways:
671,886 km (2004)
Ports and terminals:
Top ten container ports (TEUs):
*Singapore - 24,792,400
*Hong Kong - 23,539,000
*Shanghai - 21,710,000
*Shenzhen (China) - 18,468,890
*Busan (South Korea) - 12,030,000
*Kaohsiung (Taiwan) - 9,774,670
*Rotterdam - 9,603,000
*Dubai (UAE) - 8,923,465
*Hamburg - 8,861,545
*Los Angeles - 8,469,853 (2006)
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General Knowledge
1. The New Pope belongs to Germany.
2. FORMOSA is the old name of Taiwan.
3. China got its independence in 1949.
4. The First Richest person in the world is Bill Gates.
5. The Second Richest person in the world is Warren buffet.
6. The Third Richest person in the world is Lakshmi Mittal.
7. Jesus Christ was born in Bethlehem.
8. The oldest flag in the World is of Denmark.
9. The national flag of Pakistan was designed by Amiruddin Kidwai.
10. The hardest known substance is Diamond.
11. The River Indus originates from Lake Mansower.
12. A raindrop is shaped like a Pear.
13. The portrait of Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Davinci.
14. The planet nearest to the sun is Mercury.
15. Caspian is not a river.
16. Barometer is used to measure Atmospheric Pressure.
17. The first President of U.S.A was George Washington.
18. Who was called :Lady with a lamp: Florence Nightingale.
19. Aero plane was invented by Wright Brothers.
20. Italy is also called the Boot of Europe.
21. Australia is also Known as Down under.
22. Oceania means Australia + New Zealand.
23. Amsterdam is also Known as City of Wind Mills.
24. Switzerland is called the “play ground of Europe”.
25. Kindergarten System was introduced by Froebel.
26. The most sunshine place is Arizona, U.S.A.
27. The oldest existing airline is KLM.
28. The most beautiful Seaport is Sydney (Australia).
29. The richest country is Switzerland.
30. The poorest country of the world is Mozambique (Africa).
31. The first Asian who won the Noble prize Rabindre Nath Tagore.
32. An Altimeter is used to measure the height of an Aero Plane.
33. The Cornea of the eyes is the only part of body without blood supply.
34. The oldest known disease in the world is Leprosy.
35. Dreamt is the only word that ends with “mt”.
36. A 9 inch iron nail can be made from the Iron available in a body.
37. The Average weight of man’s brain is 4.8 ounces.
38. The Average weight of woman’s brain is 4.4 ounces.
39. A heart beats at the pace (rate or speed) of 72 beats per minute.
40. The milky way is estimated to contain 100,000,000,000 stars.
41. Money is not made out of paper. It is made out of Cotton.
42. Minar - e - Pakistan was designed by Haji Murad Khan (a Russian engineer).
43. The cloth required for covering The Holy Kabba is 1,000 meters.
44. The longest rivers in the world is first Nyle, second Amazon and third Mississipi.
45. The biggest planet is Jupiter.
46. The smallest planet is Mercury.
47. Planet nearest to earth is Venus.
48. Planet farthest from sun is Pluto.
49. The coldest planet is Neptune.
50. The longest wall is Great wall of China.
51. The country with the busiest airline system is U.S.A.
52. Genevais also known as City of Conventions.
53. The language with most letter is Khmer (Cambodian) with 74 Alphabets.
54. The Longest abbreviation is P.K.J.C.DP.W.B. (Syarikat Kerjasama Orang-orang
Melayu Kerajaan Kilir Peruk Kerana Jimat Cermat Dan Pinjam-meminjam Wang Berhad).
55. Scandinavian Countries are Sweden, Denmark, Iceland, Norway.
56. Norway is the only European Country which is the member of OPAC.
57. The oldest army in the world is that of the Swiss Guard in the Vatican City (Rome,Italy)
58. Koala bear is the only animal who doesn’t drink water.
59. A.D. is the abbreviation of Anno Domini.
60. Someone who collects Teddy bear is known as Arctophile.
61. Solar Calendar is also Known as Gregorian Calendar.
62. Squash is not included in Olympics.
63. Five rings in Olympic Flag represents Five Continents.
64. The largest bay is the Bay of Bengal.
65. Milan (Italy) is the fashion world of Capital.
66. The largest gulf is the Gulf of Mexico.
67. The largest ocean is the Pacific ocean.
68. FORTUNE is the only Magazine which is issued for Top 100 Richest Persons in world.
69. The largest circulated magazine in the world is Reader’s Digest.
70. The highest place is the Tibet(Roof of the world).
71. The biggest merger of companies took place in 2001 between Mannesmann & Vodafone.
72. Leaning Tower of Pisa is located in Italy.
73. The largest capital is Lapaz, Bolivia (South America).
74. The largest sea is South China Sea.
75. The first largest country in the world is China.
76. The second largest country in the world is Canada.
77. Piccaso and Pablo are the Persons who Started Cubism movement.
78. The largest railway station is Grand Central Terminal, New York (U.S.A).
79. Captain James Cook discovered Australia & New Zealand.
80. The largest City (area wise) is New York and (Population wise) is Tokyo.
81. The largest artificial lake is Lake Volta, Ghana (Africa).
82. The largest river basin is Amazon Basin.
83. The largest Island is Greenland between North Atlantic and Arctic oceans.
84. The largest active volcano is Mauna-lao Hawai Island.
85. A Rat can last longer without water than a Camel.
86. A human being drinks 27 tons of water in a year.
87. The Blue Whales are not only the largest animal but also the loudest animal. They
have been recorded making noises at 188 decibels.
88. Smelling Bananas and Green apples can help you to lose weight.
89. Human blood is 6 times thicker than water.
90. In Asia, the country of Srilanka is also called Eye Donor.
91. Human right day is celebrated on 10th December.
92. The largest museum in the world is American Museum of Natural History, New York, USA.
93. Worlds largest manufacturer of computer is IBM.
94. Head quarter of UNO is in New York.
95. The first world war began in 1914 and ended in 1918.
96. The second world war began in 1939 and ended in 1945.
97. Scotland Yard is the headquarter of Metropolitan Police.
98. The first space vehicle soft land on moon was Luna – 9.
99. In our solar system Pluto takes the largest turn to arbit the sun.
100. First Nuclear disaster of the world took place in Charnubal.
101. The greatest producer of gold is South Africa.
102. The greatest producer of rice is China.
103. The highest mountain peak in the world is Everest.
104. Tallest building of the world is Petronas Tower, Kuala lumpur, Malaysia.
105. The hottest place in the world is Azizia, Libya.
106. The rainiest place in the world is Cerrapoonji, Assam.
107. The coldest place in the world is Verkhoyansk, North-East Siberia, C.I.S.
108. European Community (EC) has 12 members.
109. There are 182 members of UNO.
110. Malaysia is a well known for export of crude palm oil.
111. GATT is the largest trade organization of the world.
112. The country with the highest taxation is Norway.
113. The Soverieign countries with the lowest rates of Income Tax are Bahrain and Qatar.
114. SAARC Secretariat is in Kathmandu (Nepal).
115. Yoguslavia is the country which has been expelled recently from UNO.
116. The largest Muslim countries are in order (area wise) (i) Kazakhstan (ii) Sudan (iii) Algeria (iv) Saudi Arabia.
117. The largest Muslim countries are in order (population wise), (i) Indonesia (ii) Bangladesh (iii) Pakistan
118. The oldest town is Ariha (renamed as Jericho) in Jordan (Asia).
119. The most extensive high plateau is the Tibetan Plateau in Central Asia.
120. The smallest ocean is the Indian Ocean.
121. The longest irrigation canal is The Karakumsky Kanal in Turkmenistan.
122. The deepest cave is Reseau Jean Bernard in France.
123. The highest bridge is the bridge over the Royal Gorge of the Arkansas River in Colorado USA.
124. The tallest statue is a bronze Statue of Budha in Tokyo.
125. The largest tomb is the Mount Li Tomb belonging to Zheng the first Emperor of China.
126. Technologically the most advanced Asian Country is Japan.
127. The fastest growing plant is Bamboo.
128. The largest bird is the Ostrich of North Africa.
129. The largest forest is The Vast Coniferous Forest of the Northern Russia.
130. The country with the highest rate of suicide is Sri Lanka.
131. The first animal in space is Laika, the dog sent by the Russians.
132. The Telescope was invented by Galileo Galilet.
133. The first steam engine was invented by James Watt.
134. The radio was invented by Marconi.
135. The most common element in the atmosphere is Nitrogen (N), which is present at 78.08 percent by volume and 75.52 percent by mass.
136. The least abundant element in the atmosphere is The radio-active gas random (Rn), at 6 x 1018 parts of volume.
137. The most common element in the universe is Hydrogen (H), according for 90 percent of all known matter in the universe, and 70.68 percent by mass in the Solar System.
138. The smallest Islamic country is Maldives (South Asia).
139. The longest day is 22nd June.
140. The shortest day is 22nd December.
141. Radium was discovered by Mario Curie Pierre Curie.
142. Railway Engine was invented by Stephenson.
143. C.I.S. produces all the precious metals in the world.
144. Volg a baltic canal system is the world’s largest canal system.
145. Suez Canal connects The Mediterranean and The Red Sea.
146. The greatest producer of wool is Australia.
147. The greatest producer of natural rubber is Malaysia.
148. The country with the highest annual population growth rate is Oman, Asia.
149. The largest silver producer country is Mexico.
150. The largest cinema is The Radio City Music Hall, in New York, USA.
151. The country without cinema is Saudia Arabia.
152. The biggest cinema screen is in Taejon, Korea which is 109.25 x 81.04 feet (33.3 x 24.7 metres) screen installed in the Sangyong Earth-Space Pavilion in the Science Park.
153. The largest complex of film studio is at Universal City, Los Angeles, California, USA.
154. The largest oil field is the Ghawar Field in Saudi Arabia.
155. The greatest waterfall is the Boyoma Falls. (formerly stanley), Kisangani, Zaire (Africa).
156. The largest bone of human body is Thigh Bone.
157. The proportion of water in human body is about 85%.
158. Peacock is found in three colours.
159. Bird of Paradise is the beautiful bird in the world.
160. Cockroach is considered as the ancient insect of the world.
161. There are about 2 lacs and thirty three thousand trees in the world.
162. Daffodils flower resembles an human eye.
163. Banana Tree having no wood.
164. The name of all the continents end with the same letter that they started with.
165. American President is elected for 4 years.
166. The largest zoo in the world is Etosha Reserve, South West, Africa.
167. The most valuable painting is The Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) by Leonardo da Vinci.
168. The largest budget is the USA’s budget.
169. The largest telecommunication group is the American Telephone and Telegraph Company (ATT).
170. The largest flower is The parasitie Stinking Corpse Lily (Rofflesia arnoldii).
171. The heaviest wood is Black iron wood also called South African iron wood.
172. North pole was explored by Robert Peary.
173. South pole was explored dry Amundsen.
174. World’s first modern planetarium is installed in Mobcow.
175. Name the place where the first atomic bomb was dropped; Hiroshima.
176. Iran witnessed an Islamic Revolution in 1979.
177. Women’s liberation movement was started in U.S.A.
178. Chronometer is used to measure time while on ship.
179. Norway, Sweden, and Denmark are known as Scandi Nawian Countries.
180. Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland and Ice land are known as Nordic Countries.
181. The largest car manufacturing company of the world is general motors of U.S.A.
182. The longest frontier is the frontier between Canada and the United States of America (USA).
183. The first woman prime minister is Mrs. Srima Bandaranaike of Sri Lanka.
184. The most abundant mineral in the human body is calcium.
185. The most easily breakable bone of human body is Collar bone.
186. The slowest creature on the earth is Conch-Shell (Shellfish-snail).
187. The bird does not built its nest is the Cuckoo (Koel)
188. Ostrich is a bird which lays the large egg.
189. The old name of Islam was Deen-e-Hanif.
190. Another name for mount K2 in Godwin Austen.
191. Insects have lived on earth about 4,000,000 years.
192. ABC certifies the circulation figure of newspapers.
193. A man breathes 18 times in a minute.
194. The giraffe is the only animal on earth that is born with horns on the forehead in both genders.
195. The actual name of butterfly was flutterby.
196. Motor car or Automobiles was invented by Dainler.
197. Water boils at 100°C.
198. Largest earth filled dam in the world is Terbella Dam.
199. A hawk’s vision is so good that it can see a mouse from a height of one mile.
200. The largest sea-ports are New York and New Jersey Seaports (U.S.A.).
201. The lowest annual mean rainfall was recorded in Chileon the Pacific Coast.
202. Dental enamel is the hardest thing present in a human body.
203. There is 2½ pounds of calcium in a human body.
204. A human body has 236 joints.
205. Water is 830 times heavier than air.
206. The length of a cricket pitch is 22 yards.
207. The weight of a cricket ball is 5 ½ oz (ounces).
208. The length of a wicket is 27 inches.
209. Cricket is the national game of England.
210. A hockey ground is 100 yards long and 80 yards wide.
211. Olympic games are held after every four years.
212. Sunbeams are the symbol of Olympics.
213. The national game of Greece is boxing.
214. Football is the national game of Russiaand Brazil.
215. The height of volley ball net is seven feet.
216. There are 64 boxes (houses) both in chess and draft.
217. The distance covered in marathan race is 26 miles.
218. Judo and Karate are Japan’s national games.
219. Bull fighting is Spain’s national game.
220. There are four player in a polo team.
221. There are 24 ribs in a human body.
222. Platinum is the costliest metal in the world.
223. The light of the sun takes about 500 seconds to reach the earth.
224. The great wall of China was built by Chin Dynasty.
225. The colour of light is determined by its wave length.
226. Jerusalem is known as the ‘ETERNAL CITY’.
227. A colour blind person cannot distinguish between Red and Green.
228. Sea water is the chief source of water.
229. Amniocentesis is tests are used for Detecting the sex of the foetus.
230. Titanium is the metal as strong as steel but half as much in weight.
231. The silicon valley is situated in PaloAlto U.S.A.
232. The main component of a TV is a cathode ray tube.
233. Intel computer company invented the RAM chip.
234. Romeis the city of seven hills.
235. Cubais called the sugar bowl of the world.
236. New Yorkis the city of skyscrapers.
237. The oldest national anthem is Kimigayo of Japan.
238. The largest flag is of Brazil.
239. The largest bank is the world bank.
240. The most expensive car is Rolls Royce.
241. The largest Airline is Aeroflot (USSR).
242. Twenty billion cells form a human brain.
243. Sunderbans (West Bengal) is the largest delta in the world.
244. The distance can a tortoise cover is 4.6 meter in a minute.
245. The law of floating bodies was discovered by greek scientist Archimedes.
246. Cupid was the Roman god of love.
247. ‘TRIPITIKA’ is a sacred book of Buddhists.
248. RICKETS is a disease of the bones.
249. Sound will travel fastest in Solids.
250. Lack of oxygen at high altitude produces bleeding.
251. The Headquarters of the ‘International Monetary Fund’ is at Washington.
252. The International Court of Justice consists of 15 Judges.
253. The density of a liquid is measured by Hydrometer.
254. ‘Fathom’ is the unit of measurement of depth.
255. The science of vegetable culture is known as Horticulture.
256. Hungary is a Land-locked country in Europe.
257. Angora wool is got from a special variety of rabbit.
258. Chionophobia stands for the fear of snow.
259. Mercury is used as a solvent in refining silver.
260. FBI is the police organization of USA.
261. Elias Howe is considered to be the inventor of the sewing machine.
262. Iron is the most widely used metal.
263. Giant Squid is the largest invertebrate in the world.
264. Sailfish is the largest fish.
265. An error in computer data is called Bit.
266. Starting a PC by issuing a system reset is called Warm Start.
267. 01000 is a positive binary number.
268. Anthophobia is the fear of flower.
269. George Eastman invented the KODAK camera and photographic film.
270. Hippocrates is considered as the father of Medicine.
271. Five prayers were declared compulsory in 10 Nabvi.
272. Next to man monkey is the most intelligent living beings.
273. Eating of coconut increase man’s mental faculties.
274. Jamia-al-Azhar of Carro, is the oldest university in the world.
275. Dr. Abdul Salam of Pakistan got Noble prize.
276. The longest skating ‘rink’ in the world is Ottawa.
277. Cyberphobia is the fear of computers or working on a computer.
278. The board game scrabble was originally called ‘Criss Cross Words’.
279. France is known as the perfume capital of the world.
280. The first revealed word of the Holy Quran is Iqra.
281. The smallest Surah of the Holy Quran is Al-Kausar.
282. The other name for Holy Ka’aba is Baitullah.
283. Hazrat Muhammad (S.A.W.S.) liked to wear White Colour.
284. The name of Hazrat Nooh’s (A.S.) son who was drowned in the Nooh’s Deluge (Storm) was Kan’aan.
285. Namrood was a king during the days of Hazrat Ibrahim.
286. Imam-ul-Ummat is the appellation of Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddique (R.A.)
287. Hazrat Haris Bin Abi Hala (R.S.) is Islam’s first martyr (Shaheed)
288. Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiqu (R.A.) purchased and set free Bilal-e-Habshi (R.A.).
289. On Miraj time the Holy Prophet (PBUH) was gifted with Namaz.
290. The back bone of Islamic Economic System is Zakat.
291. Only one Hajj was performed by Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H.)
292. 40 years 6 months was the age of Hazrat Muhammad (P.B.U.H.) at the time of first Wahi.
293. Baran Dam in Pakistan was built on river Kurram.
294. Hub Dam near Karachi was constructed in 1983.
295. Chaudhry Rehmat Ali proposed the name of Pakistan.
296. The State Bank of Pakistan was inaugurated on 1st July, 1948.
297. Durand Line is the border line between Pakistan and Afghanistan.
298. The oldest Agricultural University of Pakistan is in Faisalabad.
299. Cotton is the most important cash crop of Pakistan.
300. Sibbi is the hottest place in Pakistan.
301. LayalPur was the old name of Faisalabad.
302. Montgomery was the old name of Sahiwal.
303. The city of light is called Karachi.
304. The historical city of Pakistan is Lahore.
305. The biggest mosque in Pakistan is Shah Faisal Mosque.
306. The highest military award in Pakistan is Nishan-e-Hyder.
307. Begum Rana Liaquat Ali Khan was the first lady of Pakistan.
308. Begum Shaista Ikram Ullah was a first women federal minister of Pakistan.
309. Benazir Bhutto was the first woman prime minister of any Islamic country.
310. The founder of Paksitan Atomic Program is Dr. Abdul Qader Khan.
311. In the United Nations, Pitras Bukhari was the first permanent representative of Pakistan.
312. In Pakistan, Sialkot is famous for producing sports goods.
313. Pakistan was elected a member of United Nations in 1947.
314. Iran was the first country to recognize Pakistan.
315. Minar-e-Pakistan was designed by Haji Murad Khan a Russian Engineer.
316. In the national anthem of Pakistan, the word Pakistan has been used only Once.
317. Sindh is called, the city of “Great Saints”.
318. There are 24 ribs in a human body.
319. About 900 pencils can be made from the carbon preserved in a human body.
320. A human body has 236 joints.
321. 2 ½ pounds of calcium is there in a human body.
322. The breathing rate is controlled by the medulla.
323. Diabetes is caused due to the problem in Pancreas.
324. The absence of iodine in minute quantities in human body comes Goitre.
325. Protein is present in the highest amount in a human body.
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